Traditional measuring techniques?
Traditional concentration measurements only take a snapshot of the underground situation. This measurement solely represents the concentration of a pollutant at a certain time at a specific place.
Based on measurements of the groundwater level, simulations are being executed to estimate the expected groundwater flow. There is no direct measurement of the water or pollutant flux. This method is far from precise and secure.
Flux measurements, on the other hand, deliver more accuracy. Flux samples give more certainty about which contaminants are present in the soil, how they move and at what speed.